Method of and apparatus for making castings



JOHN 'naaLuNn AND LARENcE H. DucnWoRmH, or BROOKLYN, :NEWv YORK, AND

MARCUS srnRN, or TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNQRSVA To nor-:Enna :DIE CASTING GOM- RANY, or BROUKLYN, 4NRW YORK, A CORPORATION or NRW YORK.

EEETHOD OIVAND APPARATUS FOR MARIN-LG CASTINGS.

Application le'd June 18, 1920. Serial No. 389,821.

To aZZ wlwm t may comer/n.'

Be. it known that we, JOHN KRALUND, CLARENCE H. -DUo-KwoRTH, and MARCUS STERN, all citizens of the United States, the

5 first two above named residing in the borough of Brooklyn, county orl Kings, city and StateoNew York, andthe third above named residingA at Toledo, in' the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Apparatus for Making Castings, of which the following is a specication.

Our invention relates to a method of and apparatus for making castings, particularly die castings.. In the use of a two'part vor C other multiple part. die or mold in which the gate opening extends through one ofthe parts of the mold and the mold cavity is f located wholly or in part in another section of the mold, ditliculty sometimes arises when the mold sections are separated because of the sticking of the gate metal tothe section of the mold throu h which the gate Opening f extends. Suc adhesion of the gate metal is liable to injure -the casting by exerting a pull on the same before it has sufiiciently hardened, whereby portions ofv its surface may be broken o',.etc.

We overcome this difficulty and also produce other beneficial effects by locating with- Y 'in the gate opening a member about which the' molten metal will flow when the mold ispoured and about which the-metal will shrink when the metal chills as the mold sect-ions are separated.l This member prefera-bly takes the form` of a tapered pinwhich extends into the gate opening, when thel mold is closed, from the adjoining mold 4.0, section. This pin is properly` shaped to direct the molten metal smoothly toward andinto the mold cavity or cavities. Its provision likewise lessons the amount of metal.

in the te which is, of course, an advantage. e5 Likewise as stated above, it provides a core -about which the metal will shrinkwvhen it cools so as to prevent adhesion of the Quterperiphery O the gate with'the gate open.

ing through which' it extends. Our invention consists in the process of pouring the casting about and around such a member, as

the metal flows to the mold cavity or cavities and in holding this member in such position, when the metal is chilled and the mold parts are separated, that the ,gate metal will shrink about the member and permittheready separation of the mold member containing the gate opening from the adjoining mold member. Our invention also consists inesuitable apparatus by which the process referred to may be practiced.

In order that a clearer understanding of our invention may be had, attention is hereby directed to the accompanying drawing forming part of this application and illustrating one manner in which our improved process may be practiced, together with 'improved apparatus for .practicing the same. In the drawings, Fig. 1 represents a vertical section through apparatus comprising our invention; Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of apparatus similar to that shown in Fig.`1, showing a modified formof gate pin; and Fig. 3 is asimilar view showing a turther modified form of gate pin.

Referring to the drawings, we have illustrated a die `or nol'dwlaving sections-1-and 2,` the gate openingextending through' the mold ysection 1, and mold cavities 4, 4l being formed in mold section 2. It is obvious that the mold cavities might be formed partlyV insection 2 and partly in section 1, and also that a mold or die havingmore than two sections might be employed.

In the? apparatus illustrated the mold or .die section 1 is secured to a frame 5 through which extends an opening in alinement with the gate opening 3 of mold section 1,

this Iopening through ramamember -beingprovided with a sleeve 6. Mold section 2 is secured to a frame 7 which is adapted to be moved horizontally in opening and closing the mold.-

' Molten metal is forced or poured through the sleeve 6 and gate opening 3, when the mold is closed, by any suitable means. `In the apparatus shown in the drawings, the metalY is forced through the alined gate openings under pressure from the nozzle 8 of a vmovable carrier 9 which is adapted to di into the metal in av melting pot 10, aftery w ich nozzle 8 is positioned within the mouth of the sleeve and the molten .metal forced therethrough by air pressure, in ac i. cordance for example with Patent 1,299,738

a tapered extension 12 which projects longitudinally into the gate opening 3 When the mold is closed. This tapered pin 12 is suitably shapedto divide lthe stream of molten metal vvhichiforms the gate 13 so that the same will smoothly lovv through the runs 141-, 14- into the mold cavities 4, 11. The metal forming the vgate entirely surrounds the tapered pin 12 and shrinks about the same 'vvhenthe mold sections are separated so as to prevent adhesion or the peripheral surface of gate 13 with the Wall of the gate opening 3. Mold section 2 beingseparated :trom mold section 1 by moving trame 7 and mold section 2 to the left, referring to lFig. 1 ot the dravvings,the gate Will adhere to the tapered pin 12 which moves lto the left with mold section 2. 1t Will, therefore, come away from mold section 1 easily and Without stickingv thereto. The sur-tace of tapered pin 12 may be roughened, iwdesired, to increase the adhesion ot the gate metal to the same when the metal shrinks thereto.

As stated above, the positioning of pin 12 Within the gate opening decreases the amount of metal forming the gate Which is, of course, anl advantage, since the gate metal must subsequently be melted up for future use. 'y f Tn the construction shown in Fig. 1, pin 11 is secured to a member 15 Vvvhicli is carried by a reciprocable member 16. This latter is provided 'With a rack 17 with which a pinion 18 engages. Pin or post 11 emends through a suitable opening in the moldmember 2 Within which it closely lits: Member 15 is adapted to move horizontally in an openingl) in the frame member 7. When the pin 11 vhas been' properly adjusted Within the moldmember 2,y the pinion 18 is held "stationary so that pin 11 Will only move with mold member 2. lin 11 is, therefore, in eliiect secured to mold member 2,. the pro-vision of member 15 permitting substi- Atution of one gate pin or post 11 for another vvhen a change becomes necessary.

lln the form of apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1, cores 20, 20, about Which the castings inv cavities '41- arev formed, are illustrated as Secured to member 15. An additional member 21 is shown as mounted for movement Within the recess 19, this member carrying the ejecting pins -22 which extend through openings in member 15 and alined openings in mold member 2. Member 21 may be carried 'by and secured to a rack bar 23 which is adapted to be reciprocated by pinion 24:.

lllfhen the mold has been opened and the castings are to be ejected, member 21 and pins 22 are moved to the righti;feerring to Fig. 1, toeject the finished castings.

' f Various shapes of gate pin may be`used under different conditions. The pin illustrated in 1 vhas been ltound useful when aluminum vvas being cast. The pin 12 il- .masse located on one side only oit the gate pin,

As is illustrated, the pi-n is provided on the side adjacent the mold cavity da with a curved surface 25 adapted to smoothly direct the .molten metal into ythe run 26 leading to the mold cavity. This is intended tor use in casting aluminum.,

1t is thought that the method of practicing our improved process, and the manner ot' using the'appara-tus described Will be evi- -dent trom.. the above. 1t should be understood lthat our invention is not limited to the details ot construction described, but is as broad as is indicated by the accompanying claims What We claim is 1. 1n a device of thekcharacter described, the combination With a mold cavity, oi means comprising a gate-opening tor direct- ',ing molten metal ,into said mold cavity, and means for preventing, coo-ling gate metal from adhering to the Walls -o-i said opening., 2. 1n a 'device of the character described, the combination with a mold cavity, of means comprising a gate-opening separate from the mold cavity for directing molten met-al into/.said mold cavity, and means for preventing; cooling gate metal from adhering to the Walls of the gate opening.

3. hi a device of the, character described, the combination with a mold cavity, ci means comprising a gate-opening for directing molten metal into said mold cavity, a l means disposed. in said gate-opening f n shrinking cooling metal remaining in lsaid openingy away Afrom the Walls thereof.

et.' Tn a device of the character described, the combination vvithi amultiple-part mold providing a mold cavity, and Ia gate-opening in one of said mold parts, ot a pin adapted to extend longitudinally and centrally into saidgate-opening' andl providing a core for metal cooling in said opening to shrink upon, means for adjusting said pin in said, opening, and means for moving said pin and one of said mold parts simultaneously away from said gate-opening. V

5. lin casting apparatus, a mold having two separable sections deining a mold cavityanda gate opening in one of said sections, means, comprising a pin positioned in said gate opening when said vsections are together, whereby gate metal cooling in said opening is caused to shrink away from Vthe Walls cit said opening, means for removing as a unit` the other section and said pin, together with nf ce lic' 'ha casting formed in said cavity and the gate metal, from said first section, and means for separating the casting and gate metal from said second section and said pin.

6. In' casting apparatus, the combination ofl a. mold having two "separable sections defining a mold cavity and a gate opening in one of'said sections, and a metallic pin mounted on the other section 'and adapted when said sections are together to extend centrally into said opening and to provide a core for metal remaining in said opening to shrink upon when cooling, so as to prevent the metal' in. said opening from so adhering to the Walls of said openin as teA become broken from a casting insai cavity when the sections are separated, said "pin having a roughened surface to effect a more, positive adhesion of cooling gate metal theretO. 'j

7. A process of making castings, comprising, directingmolten metal to lill a mold cavity through a gate'opening and shrinking the gate metal` away from the walls of' said opening.

8. A process of making castings, comprising, directing moltenmetal to fill a mold cavity through a gate opening having a centrally disposed metallic corp, and shrinking the gate metal u on said core and away from the walls ofsai opening.

9. A process of maklng castings, comprising, directing moltenmetal to lill a mold cavity through a gate opening having a metallic pin longitudinally and centrally disposed in saidl opening, shrinking the gat/e metal upon said pin and away from the walls of said opening, and causing the gate metal adjacent said pin to positively adhere thereto upon cooling.

10. A process of making' castings, comprising, flowing molten metal to ll a cavity,

formed by two relatively movable sections of a mold, through a gate opening in one of said sections and past a metallic pin mounted on the other section and projecting centrall into said gate opening, permitting the mo ten metal remaining 1nv said opening when the cavity has become full tocool and to shrink about said pin and to withdraw from the walls of said opening, removing as a unit the second-mentioned mold section, together with thecasting, pin and gate metal, from the Erst-mentioned mold section, and thereafter .removing thecasting and gate metal from the second mold section.

11. In a device of the character described, the combination with twoi separable mold sections, providing a mold cavity, 'and a gate-opening in oneof said sections, of a perforation inpthe' other .mold section and 'registering with said gate-opening, a pin movably mounted in said perforation and having aportion adapted to' extend centrally into said gate-opening and to'provide a c ore for cooling metal in said opening to shrink upon, means for adjusting said pin in'said openlng when said mold sectionsare together, and means for lmoving said pinand said perforated mold section simultaneously away from the other mold section.

. '12. In al device of the character described, 1n combination, a frame having an opening,

members providing a mold cavity and a passageway, extending-Thom said frame opening to said mold cavity, forV leading molten metal from said opening into Isaid mold cavity, and means, comprising a pin centrally disposed in said passageway intermediate said frame opening and said mold cavity, for preventing metal cooling in said 

